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题目解答
1
题目 |
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答案 |
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A
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难度 |
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容易
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考察知识点 |
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影响PPF发生shift移动的因素
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解答要点 |
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● 人口增长是典型的生产要素数量增加因素,因此会导致PPF整条线外扩,A选项正确。
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文字版备查 |
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The diagrams show the production possibility frontiers for Singapore’s economy. It is operating at point X on the production possibility frontier LL. Singapore’s population is expected to increase by 90 000 next year. In which one of the diagrams does the movement from X to Y illustrate this expected increase in population if the economy still operates at its maximum productive potential?
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2
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答案 |
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C
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难度 |
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容易
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考察知识点 |
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price mechanism的识别
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解答要点 |
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● A选项,价格上升时,企业有动力增加产量而非减少,A选项错误。 ● B选项,价格机制一般在市场经济中,和鼓励政府干预没有直接联系,B选项错误。 ● C选项,当价格变化时,价格为企业和消费者提供供给和消费的信号作用,这是对signal功能的阐述,C选项正确。 ● D选项,ration指的是供给有限时,通过价格进行资源分配,能承担高价的人将分配到商品。D选项的描述与实际意义不符,错误。
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Which one of the following is a function of the price mechanism? A To create an incentive for producers to decrease the quantity supplied when the price increases. B To encourage government intervention to allocate scarce resources. C To provide a signal to producers and consumers about changes in supply and demand when prices change. D To ration scarce resources by allowing prices to decrease when demand increases.
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3
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答案 |
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A
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难度 |
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容易
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考察知识点 |
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government failure的识别
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解答要点 |
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● A选项,环境法规中包含的大额行政成本,属于政府干预带来了福利下降的情况,表述非常明确,因此A选项正确。 ● B选项,市场泡沫导致价格迅速上升,没有提到政府干预行为,其本质属于market failure,B选项错误。 ● C选项,free riders的存在导致公共产品生产不足,没有没有提到政府干预行为,其本质属于market failure,C选项错误。 ● D选项,有外部收益的产品生产不足,没有提到政府干预行为,其本质属于market failure,D选项错误。
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Which one of the following is a cause of government failure? A Excessive administrative costs involved in meeting environmental regulations. B A market bubble causing the price to rise excessively. C The existence of free riders leading to the under-production of public goods. D Under-production of foods with external benefits.
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4
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答案 |
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B
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难度 |
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容易
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考察知识点 |
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subsidy incidence各部分的识别和计算
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解答要点 |
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● subsidy中consumer能够获得的部分为补贴后数量2100乘以市场价格变化部分(165-135),即2100*(165-135)=63000,B选项正确。
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The diagram shows the market for wheat in the European Union after the introduction of a subsidy. Which one of the following is the consumer incidence of the subsidy?
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5
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答案 |
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B
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难度 |
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容易
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考察知识点 |
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Demand线上各点的PED值
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解答要点 |
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● 单位弹性位于D线的中点位置,因此B选项正确。
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The diagram shows a demand curve for rice. At which point on the demand curve will the price elasticity of demand be unitary?
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6
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答案 |
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D
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难度 |
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中等
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考察知识点 |
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YED在具体情境下的解读
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解答要点 |
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● A选项,该选项谈论的是PED的概念,和表格中给出的YED的概念不符,A选项错误。 ● B选项,public transport的YED是负的,说明是inferior good,与表格中数据不符,B选项错误。 ● C选项,收入增加会导致ice cream的需求更低比例的下降,这说明YED为负且在-1~0之间,与表格中数据不符,C选项错误。 ● D选项,收入下降会导致motor cars的需求更高比例的下降,这说明YED为正且大于1,与表格中数据相符,D选项正确。
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The table shows the estimated income elasticity of demand for various goods and services in the USA. Which one of the following can be deduced from the table? A Cheese has relatively price inelastic demand. B Public transport is a normal good. C An increase in real income will result in a less than proportionate decrease in demand for ice cream. D A decrease in real income will result in a more than proportionate decrease in the demand for motor cars.
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