Edexcel IAL U1 revision - Section 3 (2018)

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Section 3 Supply 供给

大纲要求

1. The supply curve 供给曲线

a) The concept of "supply". 供给的概念

b) The distinction between movements along a supply curve and shifts of a supply curve. 沿供给曲线的点移动与整条供给曲线的线移动之间的区别

c) Factors that may cause a shift in the supply curve: 导致供给曲线发生线移的因素

• changes in the costs of production 生产成本的变化
• the introduction of new technology 新技术的引入
• indirect taxes (specific and ad valorem) 间接税（从量税与从价税）
• government subsidies 政府补贴
• natural disasters. 自然灾害

2. Price elasticity of supply 价格供给弹性

a) The concept of ‘price elasticity of supply’. 价格供给弹性的概念

b) Calculation and interpretation of numerical values of price elasticity of supply: 价格供给弹性的计算及对其数值的解读

• perfectly elastic supply 完全弹性
• elastic supply （相对）有弹性
• unitary elastic supply 单位弹性
• inelastic supply （相对）缺乏弹性
• perfectly inelastic supply. 完全无弹性

c) Factors that influence price elasticity of supply: 影响供给价格弹性的因素

• the time period 时间
• availability of stock/perishability 库存的可获得性与易腐性
• mobility of factors of production 生产要素的可移动性
• legal constraints 法律限制（门槛）
• capacity. 产能（空余产能，即距离生产上限的距离）